genotype
the alleles an individual inherits make up the individual’s genotype
homozygote
an organism with two alleles of the same type (BB or bb) is called a homozygote
phenotype
the expression of an organism’s genotype produces its phenotype
codons
Codons are the three pairs of nitrogen bases that code for amino acids.
mutagen
Anything in the environment that can cause a mutation is known as a mutagen.
chromosomal alteration
Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure.
point mutation
A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in DNA.
frameshift mutation
a deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides that changes the reading frame of the base sequence
